Bob,
You mispelled my email address. You might want to post again with a
correction.
Good discussion of the issues. I hope that you will get some takers or at
least get some interest.
Robert Carpenter
----- Original Message -----
From: "Bob & Judy Carpenter" <bjclompoc(a)attglobal.net>
To: <ZIMMERMAN-L(a)rootsweb.com>
Sent: Wednesday, April 21, 2004 8:20 PM
Subject: [ZIMMERMAN-L] DNA Testing
Hello to the Carpenter and Zimmerman lists.
?Are you descended from the Zimmerman/Carpenters from Steffisburg, Berne,
Switzerland, and
Lancaster Co., PA? Do you feel much like a brick mason, just working away
at
that big brick wall
and never seeming to get anywhere? If you answered yes to either, you need
to stop
procrastinating and log onto
ftdna.com. When you have their web page,
select
Surname Projects,
then select C77 or the latest CNo., and then select CARPENTER. Now select
members.cox.net...... and scroll down to the chart. You are now looking
at
the DNA results
from 9 different groups of Carpenters.
Look at Group 5. Notice the minute differences in the 25 marker
Y-Chromosome
DNA test
results among these three people.
6060 is a descendant of Christian “CZ” Zimmerman, son of Hans Zimmerman.
(paper trail
suggests a connection, DNA proves the connection or common ancestor)
14756 is a descendant of Peter Zimmerman, son of Hans Zimmerman. (paper
trail proves the
connection and DNA also proves the connection or common ancestor)
17011 is a descendant of Unknown Zimmerman. (There is no paper trail to
prove or suggest a
connection. However, DNA proves that there is a connection or common
ancestor)
DNA test results show that there is a 99.9 percent likelihood that each of
the above descend from
a common ancestor. Based upon what we know, each could descend from: 1)
Hans Zimmerman;
2) his brother Peter; 3) brother or father of Hans and Peter. Remember,
DNA
is passed from
father to son.
Scientists say that our male Y-Chromosomes are passed from father to son
with little or no
changes for up to 500 generations. That easily computes to 1500 years if
you
allow 30 years per
generation as the rule of thumb.
FTDNA through the Carpenter Cousins group charges $171 for your 25-Marker
Y-Chromosome
DNA test results that you can access from the about FTDNA site. From the
time you initiate the
request it will take about six weeks to receive your results. Granted,
$171
seems like a fairly
large amount, but if you are like me, you have spent that much for two
nights and meals at a
motel or hotel while looking through microfilm or large dusty books and
not
finding much of any
thing. Lets say that you did find a birth record from a Bible which was
dated 1834, and it
included marriage records and death records for your ancestor. What would
be the absolute
accuracy of that information? Granted, we would like to think we could
trust
our ancestors. But,
do we know for sure that our ancestors wrote the information as it
happened,
or years later? I
believe that you would agree that it is not nearly 99.9 percent accurate.
FTDNA uses the
University of Arizona to test their DNA samples and your name is never
known
to them. Their
results are scientific and based upon four Nucleotide Bases: Guanina (G),
Adenine (A), Thymidine
(T), and Cystosine (C), it is the interrelationship of these four Bases
that
form our specific Y-
Chromosome DNA results.
If you want family history results that are accurate and will stand the
test
of time, then it is time
for you to have your DNA tested by FTDNA. A couple of year ago the
standard
was 12-
Markers, then 25-Markers. Now it appears that 37-Markers will become the
standard in years to
come. As males we have 46-Markers or Y-Chromosomes, including two that
determine each
person’s sex. If these are X and X, the person is a female; if X and Y,
male. The DNA test simply
measures the lengths of certain specific sequences on the Y-Chromosome.
These sequences are
smaller than genes and don’t have any genetic function, so the test will
not
reveal any physical
characteristics or innate tendencies.
These particular sequences have been chosen because they tend to mutate
very
rapidly (compared
to most DNA). The current understanding is that each locus can be expected
to mutate (typically
getting longer or shorter by one unit) about once in 500 generations on
average. Look again at
the results for 6060 and 14756. The DYS Locus ID for 439 shows a value of
11
for 6060 and 12
for 14756. Getting results back like this is almost heart stopping. It
doesn’t suggest a connection.
These DNA results provide a 99.9% likelihood that the two people involved
share a common
ancestor. Only a mother giving birth to twins has that kind of proof and
accuracy. For 6060 and
14756 that common ancestor is Hans Zimmerman.
Questions regarding our Hans Zimmerman?
You can e-mail Robert C. Carpenter at rcarpernter2(a)charter.net
or Bob Carpenter at bjclompoc(a)attglobal.net
We will look for your name to be added to the FTDNA list of satisfied
customers in the near future.
Bob Carpenter
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