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Hello all,
An author is looking for photographs of tree stump headstones (Woodmen of
the World) to use for a forthcoming article. If you have a photograph YOU
took which may be used by the author, please forward it to me along with a
note giving permission for the photograph to be used freely by WSCA. Your
complete name should be sent also so we can properly credit your work.
Photos of tree stump headstones found in Washington state are highly
sought.
Andi
andimac(a)oz.net
Here are published references to tree stump stone monuments and also their
carvers:
Warren E. Roberts. 1990. Notes on the Production of Rustic Monuments in
the Limestone Belt of Indiana. Markers VII, Journal of the Assoc. of
Gravestone Studies, p. 173-194.
Jennifer Lucas. 1990. Stonecarvers of Monroe county, Indiana. 1828-1890.
Markers VII, Journal of the Assoc. of Gravestone Studies, p. 195-212.
Warren E. Roberts. 1989. Let the Tombstones Speak. Indiana University
Alumni Magazine. May/June. p. 22-28.
All of the following papers are by Warren E. Roberts:
Tools on Tombstones. Some Indiana Examples. Pioneer America. v.10:1, June
1978, p. 108-111.
Traditional tools as symbols, some examples from Indiana tombstones.
Pioneer America. vol. 12:1, Feb. 1980, p. 54-63.
Tombstones in Scotland and Indiana. Folk Life, v. 23,p. 997-105, 1984/85.
Investigating the tree stump tombstone in Indiana. IN Simon J. Bronner
(ed.), American Material Culture and Folklore. Ann Arbor, MI, p. 135-145.
The Sincerest Form of Flattery, Originals and Imitations in "
Rustic Monuments" of the Limestone Belt of Indiana IN Warren E. Roberts,
(Ed.) Viewpoint on Folklore: Looking at the overlooked. Ann Arbor, MI
1988, p. 145-161.
Two points. With the information given above you should be able to get a
xerox copy of any of the above articles via interlibrary loan through your
local library.
Second. Warren Roberts was a very unusual folklorist. Most of these folks
use stories, tales, songs, etc to establish folklore. Warren used objects,
like tombstones, but many other different kinds of objects, to establish
folklore. He was truly a very unusual inovative scholar. gl
We have seen two types of old cemeteries. First is the type with family
plots. The other type involves burials in what appears to be a random
fashion with regard to families, suggesting that the next available grave was
used when someone died. With this latter type of plotting, was there a
custom of starting at the front or back of the cemetery?
Our reason for asking is that we are interested in the Weaver Cemetery in
Elnora Township in Daviess County. It could contain Jan's 4great
grandfather, William Dellinger (176x-1831). The vast majority of the stones
in this cemetery are missing - hopefully buried under a few inches of sod.
In rodding the cemetery, it would help to know whether to start near the
entrance or at the back. With the existing exposed stones, it is difficult
to determine where the oldest graves would be located.
One more question. There is a cemetery located a few miles from Weaver in
Greene County on the southeast edge of the town of Newberry, referred to as
Old Slinkard Cemetery. That cemetery is completely gone, as a factory was
built partially on land which comprised the cemetery. The stones were
removed and piled in a heap. What is our best resource to check for a
listing of people buried for this cemetery, as this is the more likely
resting place for William Dellinger?
Bob and Jan Dellinger Woltz
Connie,
I'm working on a similar project for King County (Seattle), Washington.
They own a cemetery which was let go for many years (80 or so). By the
time we got to it, most of the headstones were missing, the ones left were
tumbled to the south end of the property, and no one had a burial list.
We did a quasi-archeological dig and surveyed all found objects, located a
compiled listing of burials (from many sources), and began clean-up of the
property.
In the end, we could put back less than half of the headstones and we were
left with about 40 basestones. We have decided to have artists complete
memorials using the leftover objects. We will use the memorial(s) to honor
all of those buried. The county will do a rededication ceremony (probably
next summer) and invite as many descendants as we can locate. We will
place signage to show visitors the whys and wherefores of the memorial vs
replacing the objects (because we don't know where they went). We want to
ensure all descendants are content with our project.
Good luck in yours
Andi
----- Original Message -----
From: Connie Brubaker <cbrubaker(a)ldr.coolsky.com>
To: <INPCRP-L(a)rootsweb.com>
Sent: Saturday, November 13, 1999 6:14 PM
Subject: [INPCRP-L] Info needed
> I have completed the search for the tombstones that I found buried at the
> Zanesville Cemetery. The total stands at 70 names recovered from the
stones.
> For those who don't know what I'm talking about, my daughter and I found
in
> the back of this cemetery hidden in a brush and dirt covered heap "
several"
> stones and bases that had been piled there for years. Possibly as long as
50
> years. Some as short as 30 years. Anyway on with my question I have some
> stones that are in 8-10 pieces yet still readable. We are attempting to
> re-set the good ones in an area of it's own but need help with these
broken
> lost stones. Many cannot be put back in their rightful place because we
> don't know where they go. I need advice, suggestions, or names of persons
or
> businesses that can help put the broken ones back together. I live in
Wells
> Co south of Fort Wayne and as always there's no money to fund this
project.
> Any help will be considered.
> Thanks,
> Connie Brubaker
>
>
> ==== INPCRP Mailing List ====
> THIS IS A CEMETERY -----
> "Lives are commemorated - deaths are recorded - families
> are reunited - memories are made tangible - and love is
> undisguised. This is a cemetery.
> "Communities accord respect, families bestow reverence,
> historians seek information and our heritage is thereby enriched.
> "Testimonies of devotion, pride and remembrance are carved
> in stone to pay warm tribute to accomplishments and to the life -
> not the death - of a loved one. The cemetery is homeland for family
> memorials that are a sustaining source of comfort to the living.
> "A cemetery is a history of people - a perpetual record of
> yesterday and sanctuary of peace and quiet today. A cemetery
> exists because every life is worth loving and remembering - always."
> --Author unknown -- Seen at a monument dealer in West Union, IA
>
I have completed the search for the tombstones that I found buried at the
Zanesville Cemetery. The total stands at 70 names recovered from the stones.
For those who don't know what I'm talking about, my daughter and I found in
the back of this cemetery hidden in a brush and dirt covered heap " several"
stones and bases that had been piled there for years. Possibly as long as 50
years. Some as short as 30 years. Anyway on with my question I have some
stones that are in 8-10 pieces yet still readable. We are attempting to
re-set the good ones in an area of it's own but need help with these broken
lost stones. Many cannot be put back in their rightful place because we
don't know where they go. I need advice, suggestions, or names of persons or
businesses that can help put the broken ones back together. I live in Wells
Co south of Fort Wayne and as always there's no money to fund this project.
Any help will be considered.
Thanks,
Connie Brubaker
There is a nice story in tonighgt's Connersville paper about John Walters
and his work here in Fayette County. I live in Fayette County and am a
little jealous of all of John's work compared to what has been accomplished
in Franklin County. If it wasn't for Merle and Ruth Schlemmer we would have
a Franklin County Chapter...Way to go JOHN!!!!
Story is at
http://www.connersvillein.com/insidenews.asp?ID=9144
Randy Klemme
Franklin County PCRP
Holly Jenks was kind enough to forward to me the following minutes of the
10/25/1999 meeting of the Indiana Natural Resources Study Committee held at
the Falls of the Ohio Interpretative Center in Clarksville. You can also
view these minutes and those of prior meetings in PDF format at
http://www.ai.org/legislative/interim/committees/nrsc.html
MEETING MINUTES
Meeting Date: October 25, 1999
Meeting Time: 12:30 p.m.
Meeting Place: Falls of the Ohio State Park, Interpretive Center
Meeting City: Clarksville, Indiana
Meeting Number: 6
Members Present: Rep. Markt Lytle, Chair; Rep. Dale Sturtz; Rep. Richard
Mangus; Rep. Phyllis Pond; Sen. James Lewis.
Members Absent: Sen. Greg Server; Sen. Harold Wheeler; Sen. Allie Craycraft.
===========
<SNIPPED>
<See http://www.ai.org/legislative/interim/committees/nrsc.html
for full text>
===========
Preservation of Cemeteries. Lois Mauk, INPCRP, provided photographs and
descriptions of cemeteries that had been desecrated. She introduced the
cemetery supervisor from Fayette County, John Walters.
John Walters, Fayette County, provided a description of the development and
operation of the Fayette County cemetery preservation process. The county
has had a cemetery commission and imposed a tax to pay for the preservation
since 1979. Prior to 1996, maintenance on the cemeteries was limited to
mowing. When Mr. Walters was hired in 1996, he noticed that headstones
needed to be restored and preserved. He talked with the county commissioners
and they determined that taking care of the markers would require a
full-time commitment. The county decided that it was their moral
responsibility. The trustees had money already in the budget to maintain the
cemeteries. Mr. Walters has a budget of $48,000 to care for pioneer
cemeteries. He surveys every marker that goes through the restoration
project. The county recorder*s office receives copies of the survey. Some
repairs are complicated, and headstones need to be extracted from the
ground. He maintains a folder for each township and provides upkeep for 62
cemeteries on a regular basis. He is still searching for other cemeteries.
He has restored eight and has been contacted by others for advice and
information. Much information is disseminated through workshops and other
training programs. His goal is to save pioneer cemeteries. He remarked that
many headstones contain art work as well as historical artifacts that will
disintegrate without care. The county and city have worked together. Each
township*s money is based on how many cemeteries are located within the
township. The county has provided labor and the townships have paid for
materials. Often the county uses community corrections workers or
individuals who are retired help with the restorations.
Larry Gray, Jefferson County, indicated that the Jefferson County Cemetery
Commission was established in 1993. The Commission uses funds from a tax
levy and from donations. About 20 of the 50 cemeteries have been restored.
Most of the cemeteries have been located on private property.
Spence Schnaitter, IDNR Assistant Director, indicated that all cemeteries
have been placed on a county map by the WPA or the DAR in the 1930's. The
County cleans up a portion of all the cemeteries twice a year. The trustees,
however, do not contribute financially to the project. In German Township
all the cemeteries have been identified and placed on the county map with a
location, including active cemeteries.
Pat and Paul Coffman, Coffman Farms in Borden, supported Ms. Mauk*s concern
and relayed some of their experiences and observations relative to the
preservation of cemeteries. They would like to see legislation designed to
protect cemeteries and noted that Iowa has very strict laws relative to the
preservation of cemeteries.
Jean Burke, Clark County, also described how hogs and cattle have destroyed
a cemetery. The headstones are too heavy for her to lift. Historic figures
are buried in these cemeteries, and regular maintenance is needed and may
help to avert vandalism.
Frankie Belcher Eads, also shared pictures of desecrated cemeteries. She
noted that maintenance is not mentioned in the proposed language.
Rep. Lytle noted that locals do not want mandates. By considering
legislation and holding hearings on the issue, he hopes to raise awareness
of the problem and encourage counties to take action.
Consideration of Proposed Drafts. The Committee considered and recommended
the following proposed drafts for introduction to the General Assembly.
PD 3270 requires a person who wishes to record any interest in property that
contains a burial ground or cemetery to record an accurate survey of that
part of the property containing the burial ground or cemetery that shows the
approximate location of all human remains situated on the property.
Beginning January 1, 2003, the proposal provides penalties for failure to
record this information.
Mr. Ellis indicated that the proposed language could conflict with federal
law 16 USC 470-(w) and (hh). Federal law requires that burial sites be kept
confidential in order to protect archaeological sites and artifacts from
looters. Mr. Molitor indicated that if no one knows where the cemetery is,
the cemetery can not be protected. The objective is to protect the sites and
ensure that no looting takes place.
The committee recommended PD 3270 by a vote of five in favor and none
opposed.
PD 3252 establishes a procedure for the transfer of property containing a
burial ground or cemetery. The proposal requires the transferor of the
property to deliver a disclosure document to the transferee before the
transfer takes place. The proposal specifies the form that the disclosure
must take and requires a disclosure document to be recorded with the county
recorder. The proposal provides penalties for failure to deliver a
disclosure document, for making a false statement in a disclosure document,
and for failure to record a disclosure document.
Mr. Ellis noted that the language may conflict with federal law regarding
the disclosure of specific sites.
Jack Briles, Briles Masonry, explained that a cemetery located near his
residence is to be sold by the heirs of the property. However, the deed to
the property does not mention the cemetery. He supported language in the
draft that requires disclosure.
The committee recommended PD 3252 by a vote of five in favor and none
opposed.
PD 3387 provides that the Division of Historic Preservation and Archeology
of the Department of Natural Resources may conduct a program to survey and
record all cemeteries and burial grounds in each county in Indiana and may
do this work alone or under an agreement with certain entities. The Division
may accept gifts and grants for this work. The draft also allows for the
establishment of a trust fund to be composed of gift and grant money.
The committee recommended PD 3387 by a vote of five in favor and none
opposed.
PD 3247 Defines development plans and requires development plans to be
submitted to the department of natural resources (DNR) for approval
according to standards established by rule that preserve and protect both
the rights and interests of landowners and the sensitivity of human beings
for treating human remains with respect and dignity. Provides penalties for
a person who disturbs the ground within 500 feet of a recorded burial ground
or cemetery for the purpose of development without having an approved
development plan or in violation of an approved plan. Removes the
agricultural exemption from the law requiring plan approval and reporting to
DNR concerning the discovery and removal of artifacts and burial objects.
puts some restriction on deve when in vicintity of burial ground or assumes
adoption of other bills. Exemption for agriculuture purpose cause concenr
that farmer who plows up arrow head would have to stop. Some additional
thought should be given to this.
The committee recommended PD 3247 by a vote of five in favor and none
opposed with the following changes: Section 4, which pertains to an
agricultural exemption would be removed; Persons may not disturb the grounds
for development within 100 feet of the burial grounds; Utilities would be
allowed exemptions for the repair of certain existing equipment.
<SNIPPED>
Lois:
Thanks for the nudge. Morgan Co. has many more cemeteries in sad disrepair
than are on the Hall of Shame at this time, and I'll try to get a list up
soon. One comment, though: Stepp Cemetery is in Monroe - that's one we don't
have to claim!
Dale
Lois Mauk wrote:
> Haven't reported in on the Hall of Shame lately. There are some 210
> cemeteries on the list now <see
> http://www.rootsweb.com/~inpcrp/hallofshame.html>. We have cemeteries that
> have been nominated for each of Indiana's 92 counties EXCEPT the following:
>
> BARTHOLOMEW
> CLAY
> GREENE
> HAMILTON
> JASPER
> KNOX
> LAGRANGE
> LaPORTE
> MARTIN
> NEWTON
> NOBLE
> OHIO
> PERRY
> PORTER
> POSEY
> PULASKI
> SPENCER
> ST JOSEPH
> STARKE
> STEUBEN
> TIPTON
> WARREN
> WASHINGTON
> WHITE
>
> I would like to think this means those counties have no abandoned,
> neglected, abused or obliterated cemeteries within their boundaries, but I
> fear this is not the case.
>
> If you haven't looked at the list lately, I invite you to do so.
>
> Lois
>
> ==== INPCRP Mailing List ====
> Cemetery: (n) A marble orchard not to be taken for granite.
Hi,
I saw this message from another list but thought someone might be able to
help.
Thanks
Don Huffman
crfordy(a)thegrid.net
********************************************************
Does anyone have any knowledge of the history of Duncan Cemetery, Taylor
Township, Owen County, Indiana, located north of the town of Quincy on
county road 325E? This pioneer cemetery is pretty much abandoned except for
annual visits from Owen County Community Corrections work crews who clean
the previous year's growth of weeds, shrubbery, etc.
James Hert
jlhert(a)SMITHVILLE.NET
I was just made aware of some tragic news in regards to the death of Richard
Fussner in southern Franklin County. You can read the message from Donald
Bohrer that was sent to me below. Dick was helping with the Zion Lutheran
Cemtery Project for the Franklin County Pioneer Cemetery Restoration
Project. The cemetery was on his property. I understand he had cleared
alot of the area of the cemetery. Hopefully the project will continue in
his memory. Dick was very active in genealogy in the St Peters area. He
will be missed...
Randy Klemme
Franklin County PCRP Coordinator
----- Original Message -----
From: Donald Bohrer <ighmn(a)mn.mediaone.net>
To: Randy Klemme <randyk(a)si-net.com>
Sent: Wednesday, November 03, 1999 1:44 PM
Subject: Tragic News
> Hi Randy,
> I received a letter today from Loraine Galle telling me that Dick
> Fussner died October 23rd in a tragic tractor, car accident on Pine
> road near the Zion cemetery, he was 55 years old. I have known Dick
> for only a short time, but he was a genuine friend and I feel that I had
> known him for a life time and was very saddened by this news. Dick
> was involved with genealogy research on the Saint Peter Community where
> his family was among the early settlers. Dick owned the property
> surrounding Zion Lutheran cemetery and devoted a lot of his time in
> cleaning up and restoring the cemetery. I am sure he will be missed by
> the entire community as he has touched many peoples lives. You are
> probably aware of Dick's death however I thought I would pass this on to
> you in case you had not heard.
> Warm Regards,
> Don Bohrer
>
>
I have seen some of these stones up here in Northeast Indiana in the really
old cemeteries. They are really unique, it looks like they could be made
from a mold they are so detailed.
Trina Bogle
Hello all,
I have been discussing standards for transcribing records with another
group and cemetery transcriptions was the model used for discussion.
Are there any standards which already exist?
Does AGS have standards they support?
If no standards exist, can we please come up with a set of guidelines? I
would like to start "pushing" them here in Washington. NOT because I think
anyone is doing anything wrong, but because people are doing them in so
many ways.
Please note, this has not been a concern of mine, but we are starting to
see "transcription" records out there which are more than transcriptions.
They also include personal information collected at various repositories
including birth and death dates, and places. Because these are not found
on the headstone, it is not a "transcription". Many people are concerned
this grouping of records without providing source information is misleading
and in fact, wrong. I tend to agree.
I should state that while guidelines and standards may be set, they
shouldn't be "shoved" on anyone unwilling to follow them. However, by
referring to them in posts or articles or at web sites, the seed grows and
I'll bet within a year or two, everyone is following them (the guidelines).
Thoughts, anyone?
--------------
Andrea D. MacDonald "Andi"
http://www.oz.net/~sandymn/
sandymn(a)oz.net
Washington State Cemetery Association
http://www.rootsweb.com/~wapsgs/
Hi Katy,
> I have never heard of the IOOF/WOW affiliation. Perhaps it is just
that
> they are both fraternal orgs. that someone may have made that connection.
Reading through the Woodmen website I learned a few things. One of which
is that our (meaning here in the Pacific Northwest) Woodmen of the World is
a different organization than Woodmen or Omaha Woodmen. Apparently WOW
split off from the original and the original changed it's name to Omaha
Woodmen (gosh, I hope that's right because it's been a long terrible day
and my brain may not be up to parr). So, I guess I was right about it
being affiliated with another fraternal org but that org happens to be the
original WOW (now Woodmen).
Thanks for the info on the headstones. If you want to write an article...
our newsletter is a great source!
Andi
----- Original Message -----
From: <Katydid579(a)aol.com>
To: <INPCRP-L(a)rootsweb.com>
Sent: Tuesday, November 02, 1999 2:31 PM
Subject: Re: [INPCRP-L] Tree Trunk Stones
> In a message dated 99-11-02 09:05:13 EST, you write:
>
> << Each of the items on a stone are symbolic of
> something. I'm not sure what. >>
>
> "1899 - The third biennial Sovereign Camp is held in Memphis, Tenn.
Delegates
> approve all emblems, pins and buttons for the order be made in the shape
of a
> stump. The stump will symbolize equality and commonwealth. Other official
> Woodmen symbols included a dove with an olive branch, which symbolizes
the
> peace of Heaven, and an axe, beetle and wedge which symbolizes
workmanship
> and progress of culture."
>
> The above is from the Woodmen website that Andi cited in another
post.
> >From what I understand, the Woodmen broke into two separate groups. I
called
> them many years ago when I was doing research on this style and they sent
> some wonderful background information. They were and still are a
> not-for-profit insurance company AND a fraternal organization. They
still
> have "camps" and scholarships.
>
> I know that customs vary from one region to another, but I must say
that
> the majority of tree trunk monuments I have seen from all over the
country,
> are NOT WOW. Again, I believe the WOW emblem should be included in the
> design IF it is the monument for a member. In other words, not every
tree
> trunk monument is for a WOW member. The rustic style was very popular in
the
> late 1800s
>
> I have never heard of the IOOF/WOW affiliation. Perhaps it is just
that
> they are both fraternal orgs. that someone may have made that connection.
>
> Katie
> Tomb With A View
> http://members.aol.com/TombView/twav.html
The October 1999 issue of Stone in America, a publication of the American
Monument Association (the business and design magazine for memorialists),
features a prominent article entitled:
"Saving an Endangered Species -- Small, neglected cemeteries are finding new
champions to protect them"
The article, written by Stone in America Associate Editor Ann Corcoran
Janiak, features an overview of efforts to identify, protect and preserve
pioneer cemeteries in Texas, South Carolina, Iowa and Indiana.
With the permission of the American Monument Association, this story is
available in Adobe Acrobat PDF format on the Indiana Pioneer Cemeteries
Restoration Project website at
http://www.rootsweb.com/~inpcrp/inthenews.html.
This is a large file (2,577KB), so please be patient in waiting for it to
load. Also, you will need the free Adobe Acrobat Reader (preferably Version
3 or above) in order to view the file and you can download Version 4 at:
http://www.adobe.com/prodindex/acrobat/readstep.html#reader
I think you will enjoy reading this article.
Lois Mauk
Joanne Stuttgen sent this informative message to the INPCRP, but it did not
post because she is not listed as a "subscriber". Thought you guys would
want to read it. Joanne, let me invite you to join our discussion by
subscribing to the list (see the INPCPR homepage at www.rootsweb.com/~inpcrp
for more details).
Lois
-----Original Message-----
From: Joanne Stuttgen <stuttgen(a)reliable-net.net>
To: INPCRP-L(a)rootsweb.com <INPCRP-L(a)rootsweb.com>
Date: Tuesday, November 02, 1999 11:32 AM
Subject: {not a subscriber} Cobb cemetery stone
>Greetings from Martinsville!
>
>I am Joanne Raetz Stuttgen, a doctoral candidate in folklore at IU and a
protege of the late Dr. Warren E. Roberts of Bloomington, who made a career
out of studying tree stump tombstones
>
>The Cobb monument is a double tree stump commemorating a husband and wife.
You already know that. It is hand carved from Bedford limestone, probably
in a quarry in or around Bedford. Many of the quarries created this type of
tombstone; this appears to be a fairly standard "catalog model" that the
carver personalized with the name and date of death. Perhaps the Cobbs or
their heirs went to the stone quarry or monument dealer, saw a catalog of
popular models, and chose this one. It must have spoken to them and
represented what they wished the monument to convey about the Cobbs.
Clearly, they were perceived to be a devoted couple, entwined in death as in
life.
>
>These tree stump tombstones are excellent examples of regional folk art.
They are plentiful around here, but they were distributed all over the
country during the period c.1880-1920. The rustic aesthetic represented in
these stones appears also in domestic architecture (the bungalow, Craftsman,
shingle styles); home decor (ie. Old Hickory furniture);and other forms of
decorative arts.
>The truly remarkable tree stump tombstones are those that were specially
commissioned by the families of the deceased. These tend to be very
expressive and emotional depictions in either symbolic or literal form. For
instance, in Mt. Carmel Cemetery near Stinesville (Monroe County), you'll
find a stone carved to look like a train car. This is the Titzel stone
commemorating the death of a young man while working for the Monon Railroad.
In the same cemetery, you'll find conventional tree stump tombstones, as
well as other highly artistic limestone monuments.
>
>Locally, the finest example of a tree stump tombstone that I know of is the
Huston monument in the Bono Cemetery in Lawrence County. David Huston was a
prominent local man, a fox hunter, and pioneer. His monument records all of
these aspects of his life. It must be at least eight feet tall, with hounds
chasing a fox into his hole at the base, life-like grapes and vines twining
the pedestal, and other traditional symbols carved into the piece. It is
lovely!
>
>The Morgan County History and Genealogy Association is planning an uncoming
special meeting/presentation dealing with the limestone tree stump
tombstones. Keep in touch with me. I'll be giving the presentation and
will have lots of slides and stories.
>
>Meanwhile, if you want to know more, see Warren Roberts's fine book,
Viewpoints on Folklife: Looking at the Overlooked.
>
>Have fun hunting for more tree stump tombstones! Warren knew where all the
great ones are, and it's up to his students to point them out to others who
are interested. I happily take on the responsibility in his memory.
>
>Joanne Raetz Stuttgen
>
>
I'm not familiar with the philosophy of the WOW, but it is my understanding
that the organization was formed primarily for burial insurance for its
members. The modern version is still in the insurance business. A
representative of this company bid on managing our cafeteria insurance
benefit plan at my school.
I'm from the upper South and this type of monument was not uncommon. I
don't want to give you a time frame without looking at some of the
cemeteries, but I think early 1900s.
db
----------
> From: Peter M. & Andrea D. MacDonald <andimac(a)oz.net>
> To: INPCRP-L(a)rootsweb.com
> Subject: Re: [INPCRP-L] Tree Trunk Stones
> Date: Tuesday, November 02, 1999 8:29 AM
>
> Debra,
>
> Would they still be considered a fraternal organization? And, do you
know
> anything about Women of the Woodcraft? Are they still in existence in
some
> form today? I have read they became the IOOF, but have not found that to
> be a fact yet.
>
> Andi
>
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: Debra Blackard <debbieb(a)lamar.wsc.k12.ar.us>
> To: <INPCRP-L(a)rootsweb.com>
> Sent: Tuesday, November 02, 1999 7:27 AM
> Subject: Re: [INPCRP-L] Tree Trunk Stones
>
>
> > Woodmen of the World was a burial society. Membership entitled a person
> to
> > a graveside burial ceremony and the distictive gravemarkers.
> >
> > Debra Blackard
> >
> >
> > ==== INPCRP Mailing List ====
> > If you know of some good cemetery related links, send them to
> LoisMauk(a)usa.net.
> >
>
>
> ==== INPCRP Mailing List ====
> If we cannot respect the dead, how can we respect the living?