This came through on anther list. Good idea to look at if your people just
up and disappear from an area.
>
> Migration Routes and Settlement Patterns, 1607-1890
>
> By
>
> George K. Schweitzer, PHD, SCD
>
> The Early colonial Era 1607-1700
>
> 1607-1700 Chiefly English Settlers
>
> English settle VA 1607 & MA 1620
>
> Dutch in NY 1624
>
> Eng, ND 1634
>
> English moved from MA & ME 1630
>
> Revolution 1776-83 indian attacks and cheap land sent people to TN-KY,
also
> came down OH river to WV-KY-S-OH
>
> UP TO THE APPALACHIANS 1700-63 many Germans & Scotch-Irish
>
> Behind lowlands was rugged upland, sloping up to Appalachian Mtns,
which run
> from (NE NY) - (EC PA)-(E WV)-(E KY)-(EC TN)-NW GA)
>
> Running along the uplands (called Piedmont in S) just E of Mtns is
long,
> broad, easily-traveled, fertile, Great Valley, also (NE NY)
-to-(NW
GA)
>
> VA & NC Piedmont settled first from E by Engl & Scots (NC) Indians
(Span)
> blocked SC
>
> In NY Indians (French) & land speculators blocked settlers, so
immigrants
> entered by Philadelphia, many Germans (1710-) & Scotch -
Irish (1717-)
>
> They filled SE PA, then cheap land turned them down Valley (1727)
filled
> Valley to TN, then left it through passes into upland VA-NC-SC
>
> In N, where many Scotch-Irish also came, uplands of MA-CT-NH-MD & VT
> settled, NY blocked so they moved NW instead of W.
>
> THROUGH THE APPLACHIANS (1700-83)
>
> Hostile French U Indians across the Mtns before 1763, French defeated,
gave
> English Canada & all the land up to MS River, drove Indians
back
>
> Settlers moved
>
> (1) from MD-VA-MC thru Valley Thru Cumberland Gap in KY
>
> (2) VA-NC-MD thru Valley into NE TN
>
> (3) from PA-NJ-MD-N VA to Forks of OH River (SW PA, later Pittsburg)
on
> Forbes and Braddocks Roads.
>
> (4) From VA into WV toward and to OH River thru river valleys
>
> Then American Revolution (1776-83), savage British-incited Indian
attacks,
> but cheap land brought people into TN-KY, also came down OH
River to
WV-KY-S
> OH.
>
> Revolution gave US all land E of MS River, gave Spain FL & W of MS
River,
> hostile Indians in OH (British incited) and AL-MS (Spanish
incited)
>
> INTO TRANS-APPLACHIAN REGION (1783-1812)
>
> NY indians left during the Rev.
>
> OH Indians defeated 1795
>
> Spain sold LA terr to France 1802 who sold it to US 1803
>
> 5 MAJOR ROUTES
>
> 1. New Engl into NY along Mohawk
>
> 2. NJ-DE-PA-MD-VA to Pittsburgh then down OH
>
> 3. NJ-PA-MD down Valley to TN-KY-S OH
>
> 4. NC-SC to TN-KY on Jonesboro road (Saluda Gap.)
>
> 5. SC across river to GA
>
> VT statehood 1791
>
> KY 1792
>
> TN 1796
>
> W NY & NW PA 1795-1812
>
> S OH then NORTHWARD 1790-1803 (OH statehood)
>
> N OH settled thru NY-PA, OH populated from VA-NC-SC by poor soil
farmers
>
> KY-PA moving W, NY vets, by MA-CT thru NY
>
> Settlement rapid, spilled over into S IN & S IL, reached C GA
>
> UP TO THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER 1812-50
>
> 1812 settlement pattern was a triangle with base on Atlantic seaboard,
apex
> confluence of OH-MS Rivers, indians in N IN-IL & AL -MS
>
> 1812 War broke Indian power in both N & S pushing them westward
>
> 1815-30 Southerners KY-TN-VA-NC-SC crossed KY & WV & S OH to S IN & S
IL,
> then to mines in NW IL & SW WI
>
> 1830 -50 Middlers (NY-OH-PA) & Germans settle N IN, & N IL & S MI &
S
WI,
> importance of Erie Canal, lake travel, rise of Detroit &
Chicago.
>
> Meanwhile
>
> 1815-50 W GA-AL-MS-W TN filled by people from NC-SC-GA-TN the cotton
land
>
> ACROSS THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER 1812/21
>
> LA settled early following LA Purchase 1803 Fench refugees, then from
> MS-AL-GA & Ireland & Germans, statehood 1812.
>
> MO then settled by KY-TN-VA-OH-GER-IRE, statehood 1821, became trade
center
> of W, then AR more slowly from TN-AL-MS-NC-KY-GA statehood
1836
>
> E. Indians put in OK & KS 1825-40 with settlers forbidden, behind them
> desert, formed migration barrier, LA-MS-AR-MO-KY people could go S to
TX or
> jump to CA-OR from W MO
>
> No barrier on Upper MS River,
>
> IA settled from OH-IN-IL-PA-NY-KY, statehood 1846 then MN from NY-WI &
Ger &
> Irl , statehood 1858
>
> Americans move into MEX-TX beginning 1821, TX independence 1836,
annexed
> 1845, settled from TN-AL-GA-MS & Germans
>
> People began entering KS in 1854 (from OH-IL-MO-IN-IA-GER-IRE),
statehood
> 1861
>
> NE settled 1850's from IL-IA-OH-MY-PA-GER-SWE, statehood 1867
>
> THE JUMP TO THE FAR WEST (1826-46)
>
> Beginning with the Methodist Mission 1834, Brit OR began to fill thru
OR
> Trail (MO up Platte River to Ft Laramie thru S Pass to Ft
Bridger & Ft
Hall
> down Snake River to Fts Boise & Walla Walla down Columbia
River)
>
> Sizeable migrations after 1842, Brit abandon OR-WA 1846, became OR
Territory
> 1848 (from MO-IL-IA-OH)
>
> 1847 /8 persecuted Mormons moved to isolated UT desert on OR Trail to
Ft
> Bridger, then SW, established sizable theocracy, became Terr of
UT
1850,
> with Mormons governing
>
> In 1841 US settlers began moving overland into Mexican CA, 1846/8 US
won
> Mexican War, CA-NM-AZ-ceded to US
>
> 1849 Gold Rush
>
> CA settled from NY-MO-OH-MA-PA-CHINA-IREL-GER
>
> 3 ways to CA:
>
> 1.. OR Trail to Ft Hall then CA Trail to San Francisco
> 2.. Santa Fe Trail to Santa Fe then Spanish Trail SW to Los Angeles
> 3.. Santa Fe SW then W on Gila Trail to San Diego or Los Angeles
> FILLING IN BETWEEN (1861-90)
>
> Mining frontier moved W-to-E- (CA-NV-CO, WA-ID-MT-SD)
>
> 1858 Gold Strikes NV-CO
> 1864 NV statehood (CA-NY-OH)
>
> 1876 CO statehood (IL-NY-MO-OH-IA)
>
> 1855 Strike in WA
>
> 1889 State (IA-WI-IL-NY-NOR-GER ) in years after gold, copper, lead,
tin
> mined
>
> 1.. The Great Plains opened up and filled with ranchers & their
> longhorned cattle. Indians finally ended up on reservations in this
area.
> Plains spread N from TX(W TX-W OK-KS-NE-CO-WY-MT-SD-ND, then
NM-ZA-E-OZ
>
> Ranchers were followed
>
> 1825 - Erie Canal completion (followed by other canals opening up in
Indiana
> and Illinois to settlement)
> 1828- Gold Rush, Georgia 1828, and opening to
> settlement of the Cherokee lands in GA, Al, TN and Carolinas in 1838.
>
> 1848 - Gold discovered in California
>
> 1857 - Gold discovered at Pike's Peak, Colorado (Illinois men go)
>
> 1857 - Panic of 1857 - economic disaster, recall of mortgages, low pay
for
> crops
>
> 1860-65 - Civil War
>
> 1863-65 - Steep incline in prices; low crop prices; high rail costs to
> transport crops (good for manufacturers, hard on farmers)
>
> 1866 - Depression following the Civil War
>
> 1868 - Ads begun in newspapers to attract emigrants west
>
> 1873 - Railroad Panic - another economic downfall
>
> 1874 - Gold discovered in Black Hills of the Dakotas (a means to get
the
> public interested in a topic other than the depression and
corruption
of the
> Railroad Panic)
>
> 1874 - World wide depression
>
> 1875 - Grasshoppers on the plains of Dakota Territory and Kansas
>
> 1875-79 - Poor crop years on the prairies
>
> 1879 - Economic Hard Times - another depression
>
> 1881 - Peak of emigrant trains to that time
>
> 1887 - Dawes Act (breaking up communal Indian lands; opened land to
white
> settlement)
>
> 1889-1901 - subsequent Land Runs in Oklahoma
>
> 1896 - Gold discovered in the Alaskan Klondike
>
Becky Bass Bonner Email: rbonner(a)imail.ouhsc.edu
old:rbonner@rex.ouhsc.edu
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