Greetings,
Me again.....
Here's the last part. Unfortuanely, the prince mentioned below is not
named...RATS!
_The Welsh People_ by John Rhys and David Brynmor-Jones, T. Fisher Unwin,
pub, London, 1906, p. 401-2
"There was one prince of North Wales with his chief palace at Aberffraw in
Anglesey. But the prince was not an isolated chieftain chosen from the
ranks of the tribesmen, but the head of a family of chieftains, a kind of
royal family with aristocratic privilege. And though the palaces of the
other cymwds in his jurisdiction nominally belonged to the chieftain, they
appeared to have often become the residence of sub-chieftains, members of
his family, and in later times came easily to be regarded as the property
of the subordinate chieftains under the prince.
"Upon the home farm or maerdref were settled families of non-tribesmen.
They were called the men of the maerdref, and by their services the
maerdref was cultivated. Besides, this, there were at Aberffraw groups or
hamlets of non-tribesmen holding in trefgevery and more closely attahced to
the chieftain's estate than the other similar groups scattered over the
cymwds like the gwelys of the free tribesmen.
"The revenue or provision for the prince or chieftain consisted mainly of --
"(1) the produce of his maerdref or home farm worked by non-tribesment;
(2) the rents in kind and various services due from the clusters of
non=tribesmen, including his right to quarter his retinue and dogs upon
them when on his hunting, hawking, or other expeditions;
(3) the food rents of the free tribesmen which had long been commuted
into money under the name of tunc.
"This brief statement of the main features of the tribal system must be
taken as applying chiefly to North Wales. Though from the evidence of the
Welsh codes the system was prevalent at one time in South Wales also, the
latter had been subject to the disintegrating effects of Norman conquest
centuries earlier than the final conquest of North Wales by Edward I. And
this remark applies also to the border districts ehich had fallen under the
power of the Lords Marchers."
-------
At this point my fingers are nubs. If anyone is interested in the rest of
the chapter which touches on:
**the results of the Conquest of North Wales (that is, how the various
groups had their rights of land transfered and what alterations took place)
**South Wales and what happened there
**Growth of Tenancy from Year to Year in Wales
**Summary of the Historical Result
**Formation and continuity of Estates
**Causes of the Change
**Effect of the Chief Historical Events
If interested, send me your addr and request pgs 403 to 452 (two pages to
a 8 x 11 page and I'll do them back to back)
There is a chapter on religion, but no mention of Quakers.
I'm still reading.....(big book)
Later,
Emily