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Hello All
this email is for all JCGS members. The bulletins have been mailed today.
Please take note of the numbers that are listed next to your name. This
represents the year your Society membership is paid to date. If it says '01
or '02 for example then your are past due on your dues. If this is the case
then please send your check to John R Clough, Treasurer. His address is
listed in the bulletin on page 6 under Board Members. All membership dues
are due to be paid by the end of the year for the coming year. Example: if
it says '03 then your are paid till the end of this year and need to make a
payment by 12/31/03 for the year 2004 dues. Membership dues are currently
$12.00.
For those of you that do not belong to the society currently and would like
to become a member, you must be a direct descendant of John clough Of
Salisbury MA. Please email me or Sheila Andersen for John R Clough's address
to send your lineage and membership dues. Or go the the Clough website at:
<A HREF="http://ourworld.cs.com/CloughGenL/">http://ourworld.cs.com/CloughGenL/</A> for more information.
jackie
Clough Society Editor
List Admin for: Gauthier mail list.
Researching: Clough, Gilligan, Chamberlain, Buzzell, Hunting, Gauthier, Cram
Remember: You Can Pick Your Friends, But God Gave You Your Relatives For A
Reason!
Dear Clough Cousins,
For the September Clough Family Trip I now have two vacant positions due to
cancellations. If anyone on this list, or anyone you know, is interested in
joining our September trip please contact me at this e-mail address ASAP.
Best Wishes,
Sheila
Hello Cousins
Just letting those members know that the bulletin will go out in the mail Wed
and Thurs of this week. It is at the printers today and I will pick it up
tomorrow. Jackie
Clough Society Editor
List Admin for: Gauthier mail list.
Researching: Clough, Gilligan, Chamberlain, Buzzell, Hunting, Gauthier, Cram
Remember: You Can Pick Your Friends, But God Gave You Your Relatives For A
Reason!
Book: Lines of Succession
Author: Michael Maclagan
Excerpt from: Chapter 1, Introduction to Heraldry
The practice of heraldry, as we understand it, arose in western Europe in the
middle of the twelfth century. It comprises the use on a shield of patterns
which are definable, recognizable and hereditary. There were probably two
principal causes for this development. In the first place, helmets were
covering more and more of the wearer's face making his identification in
battle difficult. Secondly, increasing employment of documents called for
visual means of authentication; in an age when literacy was almost confined
to the clergy, a seal was more use than a signature. To reproduce on a seal
the same pattern as that on the shield was commonplace.
Most of our early evidence of heraldry comes from seals. Several English
heraldic seals survive from around 1140. The arms of Savoy are found in
1143, those of the Count of Provence, which were the same as Aragon, in 1150,
those of Henry the Lion, Duke of Saxony, in 1144. Many other early seals
must have perished, but these examples demonstrate that heraldry was already
an international manifestation. One exciting testimony from France is
earlier and not sigillary: the famous enamel preserved at Le Mans appears to
show the blazon of Geoffrey Plantagenet (d. 1151). It is quite clear that
the growth of heraldry answered a general need in the feudal societies of the
twelfth century. It is also at least possible that its similarity in
different countries was furthered by encounters on the organized crusades or
in the Holy Land. Certainly warfare in the heat of Palestine encouraged the
wearing of a linen covering or surcoat over the chainmail of the day; it was
an easy and an obvious step to repeat on this the pattern from the shield;
and from this is derived the English phrase 'coat-of-arms.'
To write thus about the beginnings of heraldry is not to deny that seals with
some sort of device had been in use for centuries and that emblems, often of
an animal kind, had been associated with units of peoples - the lion of the
tribe of Judah, the eagle of the Roman legion or the crescent of Islam. It
is also the case that very soon after heraldry started - and it could not be
said to be established until numerous families had used a distinctive blazon
for several generations - men began to invent coats-of-arms for people who
had lived long before, for biblical characters, for kings and saints like
Edward the Confessor, or heroes of romance like Arthur, Charlemagne or
Godfrey de Bouillon.
Certain basic laws were common to all countries. The hues available were
divided into two main classes. The 'metals' were gold and silver, often
portrayed by yellow and white; and the 'colours' were red, blue, black, green
and purple, of which the first three were by far the most often used. A
third, and scarcer, class were 'furs' of which ermine was the commonest. If
the background of the shield, called the 'field,' was of a metal, than the
objects thereon, known as 'charges,' must be of one of the colours and
vice-versa. Either colour or metal could be placed on a fur. This rule was
not unbreakable: it was deliberately flouted in devising a blazon for the
Kingdom of Jerusalem as a tribute to the sanctity of the city. Other
breaches are recorded, not least in eastern Europe. An early convention
allowed a background of mixed colour and metal to count as either. Not only
individuals or families used coats-of-arms; they could be employed by
countries, towns, bishoprics and, later on, by merchant companies, religious
orders or any corporate body.
In England the upper classes spoke Norman-French at this time, and therefore
the blazons were described in that tongue. As English developed into the
national speech in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, the language of
heraldry remained strongly infected with French terms and became increasingly
esoteric. This tendency was fostered by the heralds in the sixteenth and
seventeenth centuries, who were as anxious to have their own peculiar
parlance, not easily comprehended by the layman, as the doctor, the lawyer or
the parliamentary draftsman. ….. In other realms of western Europe, in
Germany, France, Spain or Italy, the descriptions of heraldry are nearer to
normal speech.
In many cases it is not known how a particular family acquired or chose its
coat-of-arms; often it must have been a whim or accident. A certain number
of basic geometric patterns clearly reflect strips of wood or leather affixed
to the shield to strengthen it. Many others represent a play upon words.
Easy examples are the blazons of Bowes-Lyon or of Castile and Leon. Yet
others may indicate regional or feudal fashions; there is a strong
concentration of coats-of-arms with lions on barry fields or barry lions in
the old province of Lotharingia (Limburg, Luxembourg, Hesse and so on); the
'tressure' with its fleurs-de-lys is commoner in Scotland than elsewhere. In
the animal world the eagle and the lion were regarded as the kings of birds
and beasts, and were accordingly popular. The eagle grew in esteem as it
became to be associated with empire, but was also used by quite humble
families. From the start, the lion was portrayed in two basic postures: he
was 'rampant' as he rose on one foot to strike, he was 'passant' when he ran
across the shield from left to right, most often in a group of three. In the
Middle Ages the upright beast was simply called a lion; when he ran, he was a
'leopard.' It must be emphasized that, in describing the right and the left
of a shield, one speaks as though wearing it, not from the viewpoint of the
beholder. And early variant form was the lion with two tails.
Dividing the Shield
Early in the story of heraldry, the problems posed by alliances, inheritance
and large families began to make themselves felt. One pristine solution was
dimidiation, that is to divide two shields vertically and unite half of each,
but this could lead to bizarre results. Soon the simpler device of
'impalement' was evolved which represented the whole of each coat-of-arms on
half a shield; the arms of the husband were normally represented on the
right, or 'dexter' side. This was particularly the case in England and
France, where bishops also used to 'impale' the arms of their diocese; but in
Germany impalement often indicates the union of two lordships rather than a
definite marriage, and bishops more often quarter their own arms with those
of the See. In fact, the arrangements for 'marshalling' more than one
coat-of-arms are apt to differ from country to country. It was, however,
general practice that, when a ruler inherited two territories, as it might be
one from his father and another through his mother, he divided his shield
into four and placed his paternal blazon in the first and fourth quarters
while that of his mother decorated the second and third. The earliest known
illustration of this idea occurs in the combined arms of Castile and Leon.
As a family began to build up dynastic power, it probably made many
profitable alliances and acquisitions. A shield of four seconds was no
longer enough. There is no limit to the number of divisions on a single
shield; but in England it is normal to speak of 'quarterly of six,' or eight,
or sixty-eight, while on the Continent the nature of the divisions is
specified. In England, also, representation of an heiress (that is, a women
without brothers) is common; in Scotland, and abroad, small attention was
paid to her arms, unless she also brought land. In Germany, in particular,
the extensive quartered coats tend to indicate a great aggregation of
lordships with the actual family arms on a small shield in the middle, 'an
escutcheon in pretence,' or 'over all.' On the Continent, also, the terms
'sixteen quarterings,' or 'thirty-two quarterings,' had a specialized
meaning. They did not signify that an individual represented that number of
families or had acquired that number of fiefs, but that all his ancestors
(male or female) for five or six generations backwards were of noble birth.
Sets of eight shields, showing great-grandparents, are frequent in these
Tables. The stern laws governing dynastic marriages in Germany and Austria
made such a boast much more common than in England, where society was
relatively fluid.
Naturally enough some form of control over the usages of a blazon became
essential. This duty was assigned by a gradual process in the fourteenth and
fifteenth centuries to the heralds, officers whose main functions hitherto
had lain in the spheres of diplomacy and the tournament. Thus the general
name 'heraldry' was born. One of their main duties was to avoid as far as
possible the use by two different families of the same shield. In England a
cause célèbre in the reign of Richard II concerned the rival claims of Scrope
and Grosvenor to 'Azure, a bend or.' The fact that the Bohemian family on
Count Thun of Hohenstein bore the same arms was as irrelevant as much of the
other evidence offered. Rather more surprising is the fact that the
important family of de Ligne in Hainault and the rulers of Baden both bore
'Or, a bend gules' from the Middle Ages to today without exciting conflict.
Different countries found different solutions for the problems of the younger
brother and the younger son, one charge, the 'label' (a narrow horizontal
line across the top of the shield with three, four or five pendants dropping
from it), was mostly confined to the shields of minor members of a family.
It is relatively certain that it was originally a cord with tags which could
be removed when necessary. In England and in Portugal labels became
exceedingly elaborate. But other cadels of great families used a border (or
'bordure') and a small bend (or 'bendlet') as a mark of 'difference.' In
France the bendlet was perhaps more popular than in England. Bastardy was
sometimes signified by a bend from left to right, though this could be an
innocent charge as in the Folkunga arms. The French for a 'bend sinister'
was une barre, which probably inspired the popular British myth of the 'bar
sinister,' to mean illegitimacy.
Essential Differences
The heraldic connoisseur can often guess at the nationality of an unknown
coat-of-arms, but may find his opinion no easier to explain than the
difference between Claret and Burgundy. To indicate some possible
characteristics is not to ignore the many common features in all realms of
the incidence of migrants and 'rogues' in any grouping.
It is not easy to distinguish between the heraldry of France and England,
which stemmed from a common root. French blazon did not pass through so
marked a phase of complexity as did English in the sixteenth century, and
never, perhaps, indulged in so lavish a display of quarterings. On the other
hand the heraldry of the Bourbons was abruptly cut off by the Revolution, to
be replaced by the orderly but artificial Napoleonic system. Scotland
boasts, it may be claimed, the most logical and systematic control of arms of
any country and is still, heraldically, discrete from England. Great use is
made of the bordure as a difference, often with many charges on it.
In the Iberian peninsula the shield itself is almost always drawn in a rather
square shape. Hence it comes that a pattern of six charges will be arranged
in three pairs and not in ranks of 3, 2 and 1 as is more usual. Considerable
use is made of elaborate bordures and also of letters. The combination of
two shields in one by a diagonal cross, or 'saltire,' is usually Spanish. An
interesting Hispanic charge is the cauldron which appears in many noble
blazons. In the first instance, this was a mark of nobility denoting the
ability to feed a contingent. The animals which appear from the pot are
today usually blazoned as serpents, but may have begun life as the more
palatable eel. Another most distinctive Spanish charge is the bending
issuing from two lions' mouths.
The early heraldry of Germany shows a certain predilection for bold geometric
patterns. The popularity of the eagle led to the development of the
'bearing,' or device, called a kleestengel (clover-stalk), on its breast,
which could itself have an addition made to it; it was in origin probably
only an artistic definition of the breastbone of the eagle.
A feature of Teutonic heraldry is the display of a large number of
quarterings representing the fiefs held by the family; normally they were
those which gave the right to one vote in the Diet of the Empire. On a
smaller shield in the centre would be placed the arms of the family itself
(often the same as its oldest or original estate) though there are
exceptions. Among the quarterings is sometimes found one of plain red
('gules'); this is the 'Blut-Fahne' or 'Regalien' quartering and was thought
to indicate the ownership of royal prerogatives, personally bestowed by the
emperor. It is a common artistic practice in Teutonic lands where there are
lions disposed on both sides of the shield to make those on the 'dexter' or
right, face inwards. This would not be done in France and Britain.
Italy was so fragmented that it is difficult to write cohesively of her
heraldry. In Naples, Spanish influence not surprisingly made itself felt.
The tree is perhaps more frequent than elsewhere; another highly typical
charge is the mount, often triple, at the base of the shield, a feature which
also occurs in the arms of Hungary 'modern.' Italian families often added a
'chief' (the top slice of the shield) of the Empire or Anjou to display
Guelph or Ghibelline sympathies. In Poland a number of original and unusual
charges appear, which have sometimes been derived from Scandinavian runes:
crosses and arrows spring from horseshoes or from geometrical shapes.
Russian heraldry was not a natural growth, and shows signs of laboured
invention: military emblems abound, as might be expected in an aristocracy
which was originally one of service.
The emphasis throughout these Tables is on the shield, for the shield with
its blazon is the central feature of heraldry. None the less from the
earliest days knights also used, especially in tournaments, a 'crest,' a
single object bound to their helmets with a wreath of twisted silk. As the
pageantry of heraldry developed, differing coronets and helmets were
introduced for the varying degrees of rank, and 'supporters' to uphold the
shield became common. Below the shield might appear a motto or cri de
guerre. The whole assembly of heraldic pride is known as an 'achievement'
and for reigning Houses is often backed by a mangle or pavilion. … The 'boast
of heraldry' was indeed part of the 'pomp of power,' but it is also a vivid
and illuminating shorthand to dynastic history.
Book: Lines of Succession
Author: Michael Maclagan
Excerpt from: Forward
Genealogy is perhaps as old as the history of the human race itself. Ever
since the hazy beginnings of organized human society the powerful have kept
records of their ancestors. The bible contains a fine collection of lineal
descents of several outstanding personages, even of Jesus Christ himself, and
although they are now hardly regarded as indisputable historical evidence,
they certainly prove that genealogy has always stood in the forefront of
interest for many people, being for some a time-honoured science and for
others an exciting pastime.
As soon as heredity in the leadership of human tribes became a more or less
established principle, it was obviously of the utmost importance for the
aspiring leader to show that he was lineally descended from the former
leaders and rulers. It is true that originally many nations adopted their
rulers on the basis of an election, but even then it was customary to elect
to the supreme post someone who was related, however, remotely, to the
previous prince. Both England in Saxon times and Bohemia under the
Premyslids are excellent examples. To prove this records had to be kept, and
often falsified. When primogeniture became an accepted method of succession
to the thrones and crowns, it was even more important to maintain records and
charts showing all the branches and members of the reigning House, often
together with a very intricate relationship to other princely Houses. That
such charts and records were often twisted and abused so that they would suit
an ambitious pretender was of course the result of his ardent desire or the
sycophancy of his servants.
These sycophantic record-keepers and chroniclers were often busy tracing the
descent of their sovereigns beyond any purely human origin in order to show
them not only as rulers 'by the grace of God' but even as actual demi-gods.
This can be seen in the old pedigrees of the ancient Saxon Kings of Wessex,
where the chroniclers were trying to prove that the Kings were descended from
the pagan storm-god Woden. It may seem surprising that people in the early
days of Christianity were impressed by the doubtful fact that their pious
sovereign had for his ultimate ancestor a member of the numerous family of
heathen gods, but we should realize that the mind of the common people was
still under the spell of heathen legends and customs for centuries after
their conversion to Christianity.
What is probably less surprising is the fact that sovereigns prided
themselves upon the most illustrious of their ancestors. It became a fashion
to show that everybody whose brow was adorned (or burdened, whichever you
prefer) by a crown descended from a famous, potent and ever victorious
monarch such as Charlemagne. One of the Tables in this book shows the
descent of all the present European sovereigns from William the Conqueror,
who before the conquest of England called himself defiantly 'the Bastard.'
Yet exactly the same Table would also show that the crowned heads of Europe
descend from a forgotten tanner of Falaise whose daughter had the historical
good luck to have been seduced by Robert the Devil, Duke of Normandy [father
of William the Conqueror].
Many a haughty sovereign in past centuries tried hard to forget about his
less illustrious ancestors, and yet if even a single one of them, no matter
how low his style, had not lived, the haughty sovereign himself would never
have been born to sway his mighty sceptre. Even today historians often
discuss the Hanoverian heritage, to good or bad effect, in Queen Victoria's
blood while no one seems to take into consideration the fact that she was
just as much a descendant of the Counts of Erbach, and their moods and
spirits, as she was of the rulers of Hanover.
Nevertheless, the study of genealogy is inseparable from the study of
history. While not denying that economic, national and other deep reasons
were the cause of many an important and basic change in the history of
mankind, we must also accept that genealogical background can and must be
south as an explanation of many medieval and even later wars and other
events. This has always been an easy excuse and reason for publishing
genealogical books and Tables all over the world. …..
….. Finally, I should like to say that the study of history leads to the
study of genealogy and heraldry and vice versa. When combined, no one of
these three is a dull affair. The medieval battlefields or Europe were - in
spite of all the savage slaughtering - grand scenes of heraldic display where
gaily coloured banners, shields of arms and surcoats worn over the armour
proudly announced their owners' might. No princely marriage would ever have
been complete without pompous heraldic pageantry, and when the people laid
their princely leaders to their final rest, heraldry again played, and still
plays, an important part in the funeral rites. If this book helps to show
that history, by means of genealogy and heraldry, can be made an interesting
and even thrilling study, I shall be happy that I have not been working in
vain.
Dear Cousins,
Our Clough cousin, Cynthia Rump, will be having knee surgery (again - the
first time didn't turn out well) on March 24, 2003. May our thoughts be with
her as she undergoes such a painful procedure.
She has asked that NO E-MAIL be sent as she will be unable to check it and
her mailbox will fill. Once the mailbox fills, the e-mail's are bounced
back. However, I am sure she will appreciate receiving cards via US mail.
Anyone desiring to send cards this way may contact me.
For the reasons above I will be removing Cynthia from our list, as soon as
this e-mail goes out, until she gives me the OK to put her back on.
I am sure I speak for all when I wish her all the best in her upcoming
surgery and recovery! :-)
Best Wishes to All,
Sheila Andersen
CLOUGH-GENEALOGY-L owner
CloughGen(a)aol.com
Genealogist
John Clough Genealogical Society
CloughGen(a)aol.com
http://ourworld.cs.com/cloughgenl/
Hello Cousins,
The atricle is out on the John Clough Society Web Page. Go to the home page
and find the item "Download the NEA Article." Chick on that and the article
will be downloaded to your system in PDF format.
George Estey, John Clough Genealogical Society WebMaster
Good Evening Barbara,
Please send me a copy of the article...a pdf file would be great!
Thanks!!
Jacque (aka Cynthia's daughter)
----- Original Message -----
From: Barbara Clough
Sent: Wednesday, February 26, 2003 3:49 PM
To: CLOUGH-GENEALOGY-L(a)rootsweb.com
Subject: Re: [CLOUGH-GEN] Clough Article sent...
A PDF file would be great! Good idea.
Barbara and Fred Clough
----- Original Message -----
From: <CloughGen(a)aol.com>
To: <CLOUGH-GENEALOGY-L(a)rootsweb.com>
Sent: Wednesday, February 26, 2003 8:25 AM
Subject: [CLOUGH-GEN] Clough Article sent...
> Dear Clough Cousins,
>
> I've just completed sending out the article to all those who requested it.
> If you requested it but did not receive it please let me know.
>
> Anyone else interested in receiving the article via PDF file, please
contact
> me and I'll send it straight away.
>
> The article has also been sent to George Estey, Webmaster for the 'John
> Clough Genealogical Society' website, so that he may put it on our
website.
> He will let us know when he has had the time to put it up for all to see.
> Continued thanks to George for using his website abilities for the benefit
of
> all! :-) I invite all of you to take a look at our website
occasionally
> for updates and the like.
>
> I have also sent George a new version of our DNA chart to be put on the
JCGS
> website and he will let the list know when it is up and ready to be
viewed.
>
> Best Wishes To All!
>
> Sheila Andersen
> Genealogist
> John Clough Genealogical Society
> CloughGen(a)aol.com
> http://ourworld.cs.com/cloughgenl/
>
> List Owner
> CLOUGH-GENEALOGY-L
> CloughGen(a)aol.com
>
>
> ==============================
> To join Ancestry.com and access our 1.2 billion online genealogy records,
go to:
> http://www.ancestry.com/rd/redir.asp?targetid=571&sourceid=1237
>
>
==============================
To join Ancestry.com and access our 1.2 billion online genealogy records, go to:
http://www.ancestry.com/rd/redir.asp?targetid=571&sourceid=1237
got a blank email Langdon
Clough Society Editor
List Admin for: Gauthier mail list.
Researching: Clough, Gilligan, Chamberlain, Buzzell, Hunting, Gauthier, Cram
Remember: You Can Pick Your Friends, But God Gave You Your Relatives For A
Reason!
This is just a reminder to get those articles in to me no later than the 15th
of this month if you want them in this coming bulletin.
jackie
Clough Society Editor
List Admin for: Gauthier mail list.
Researching: Clough, Gilligan, Chamberlain, Buzzell, Hunting, Gauthier, Cram
Remember: You Can Pick Your Friends, But God Gave You Your Relatives For A
Reason!
Hello Everyone
Last night I was on Ebay and found the item listed below. Sheila told me it
was ok to list it in here in case it belongs to someone who is on this list.
item#2915819184: 1749 VELLUM WILL "CLOWES" in England.
I Believe the asking price around $50. there was another one also listed for
a cheaper price. If your interested then look under "Paper/documents" in the
"collectables of antiques" section. (I cant remember which one it was
under.) Sorry. jackie
Clough Society Editor
List Admin for: Gauthier mail list.
Researching: Clough, Gilligan, Chamberlain, Buzzell, Hunting, Gauthier, Cram
Remember: You Can Pick Your Friends, But God Gave You Your Relatives For A
Reason!
Dear Clough Cousins,
September has been designated Archives Awareness Month in Wales. This may
prove to be very positive for those of us going to Wales in September.
I've been in contact with the Denbighshire Archives in Ruthin about the
possibility of giving my DNA presentation while our group is in Wales. They
are very interested in this since we used DNA analyses and found a genetic
link to the Sir Richard Clough family.
Apparently, they do a special exhibit on Sir Richard Clough when they display
information on the Renaissance. Should we wish to visit the archives on our
visit to the area they will put out their Sir Richard Clough exhibit!
Their willingness to put out their Sir Richard Clough exhibit for us and
their desire to have an American guest speaker is certainly a privilege and
an honor!
I will let everyone know how the plans work out.
Best Wishes To All!
Sheila
In a message dated 3/3/2003 2:06:10 PM US Mountain Standard Time,
MaizieRae(a)aol.com writes:
> Subj: [CLOUGH-GEN] Re: Another few thoughts of mine about Jane
> Date: 3/3/2003 2:06:10 PM US Mountain Standard Time
> From: <A HREF="mailto:MaizieRae@aol.com">MaizieRae(a)aol.com</A>
> Reply-to: <A HREF="mailto:CLOUGH-GENEALOGY-L@rootsweb.com">CLOUGH-GENEALOGY-L(a)rootsweb.com</A>
> To: <A HREF="mailto:CLOUGH-GENEALOGY-L@rootsweb.com">CLOUGH-GENEALOGY-L(a)rootsweb.com</A>
> Sent from the Internet
>
>
>
> Dear Cousins,
>
> I just purchased the book Salisbury, Massachusetts Vital Records to 1850 (I
>
> am willing to do lookups for anyone who would like them). In this book, it
>
> ONLY mentions Jane Clough as "Jone" or Joanna."
>
> Somewhere on the internet (didn't put down my source as it didn't seem
> credible) I found Jane listed as "Jane Elizabeth Unknown."
>
> Joanna Elizabeth Unknown? Jone Elizabeth Unknown? Elizabeth Joanna
> Unknown?
>
>
> This would make sense if Elizabeth was in her name, because John and Jane's
>
> oldest daughter was named Elizabeth. On the other hand, it is my
> understanding that middle names were not used much in England/New England
> at
> the time. Is that true or not? In much of my research, I have found
> middle
> names used a lot at that time, provided there was a record kept of them.
>
> Also, could the eldest daughter Elizabeth possibly be named after a
> grandmother Elizabeth? Or, could she be named after the ship the
> "Elizabeth"
> upon which John traveled to New England?
>
> Just my two cents.
>
> Your secret cousin,
> Linda
>
Very Interesting Linda. Thanks for sharing that with all of us. I to have
been doing research on Jane/Jone/Joanna - as that name keeps coming up. Will
try to see if I can put anything together with what you have sent and let
everyone know. jackie
Clough Society Editor
List Admin for: Gauthier mail list.
Researching: Clough, Gilligan, Chamberlain, Buzzell, Hunting, Gauthier, Cram
Remember: You Can Pick Your Friends, But God Gave You Your Relatives For A
Reason!
I never really noticed until reading your e-mail
that middle names were not used at all in
England, and did notice that prior to 1870,
middle names were not used often.
Sincerely,
Melanie Mitchell
--- MaizieRae(a)aol.com wrote:
> Dear Cousins,
>
> I just purchased the book Salisbury,
> Massachusetts Vital Records to 1850 (I
> am willing to do lookups for anyone who would
> like them). In this book, it
> ONLY mentions Jane Clough as "Jone" or Joanna."
>
> Somewhere on the internet (didn't put down my
> source as it didn't seem
> credible) I found Jane listed as "Jane
> Elizabeth Unknown."
>
> Joanna Elizabeth Unknown? Jone Elizabeth
> Unknown? Elizabeth Joanna Unknown?
>
>
> This would make sense if Elizabeth was in her
> name, because John and Jane's
> oldest daughter was named Elizabeth. On the
> other hand, it is my
> understanding that middle names were not used
> much in England/New England at
> the time. Is that true or not? In much of my
> research, I have found middle
> names used a lot at that time, provided there
> was a record kept of them.
>
> Also, could the eldest daughter Elizabeth
> possibly be named after a
> grandmother Elizabeth? Or, could she be named
> after the ship the "Elizabeth"
> upon which John traveled to New England?
>
> Just my two cents.
>
> Your secret cousin,
> Linda
>
>
> ==============================
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> online genealogy records, go to:
>
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>
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Dear Cousins,
I just purchased the book Salisbury, Massachusetts Vital Records to 1850 (I
am willing to do lookups for anyone who would like them). In this book, it
ONLY mentions Jane Clough as "Jone" or Joanna."
Somewhere on the internet (didn't put down my source as it didn't seem
credible) I found Jane listed as "Jane Elizabeth Unknown."
Joanna Elizabeth Unknown? Jone Elizabeth Unknown? Elizabeth Joanna Unknown?
This would make sense if Elizabeth was in her name, because John and Jane's
oldest daughter was named Elizabeth. On the other hand, it is my
understanding that middle names were not used much in England/New England at
the time. Is that true or not? In much of my research, I have found middle
names used a lot at that time, provided there was a record kept of them.
Also, could the eldest daughter Elizabeth possibly be named after a
grandmother Elizabeth? Or, could she be named after the ship the "Elizabeth"
upon which John traveled to New England?
Just my two cents.
Your secret cousin,
Linda
Hi Everyone:
I have received the following in several other lists I subscribe to and
thought I'd pass it along to all of you.
"...The old genealogy scam is back. www.genseekers.com
Behind the password protection are links to the free
genealogy on-line. There is no content of their own.
In order to get the "5-day free trial" you have to
surrender a credit card or bank account number. You
have to cancel within 5 days or you get dinged. Guess
what? The cancellation e-mail bounces. Does this
surprise you?
One person who recently fell for the come-on had
his/her account dinged not once, but twice.
It is time to remind folks on your state and county
mailing lists about these scoundrels. It has been a
couple of years since we have mentioned this.
Permission is granted to pass this on."
Forewarned is Forearmed
George