We form a lineage group when two families match on at least 25 markers and
preferably 25/25 on the first panel positions 1 - 25.
The confirmation of a line occurs when two different male siblings of the
same family Y-DNA match. Here we have 37/36 and 37/37 matches on two
different confirmed sons of Robert "King" Carter. This is also called
triangulation by some folks. -- Their common ancestor can determined and it
occurs several generations back in time.
Another requirement is to have matching or similar pedigrees which can be
authenticated by anyone viewing them -- What we call a "paper trail".
Since R1b - 32 is the confirmed haplotype of the Robert "King" Carter
family you can say any Carter family who does not test R1b1a2a1a1a4 is NOT
out of this family. The haplotype of any person in a group who has similar
marker numbers is the same as the person who does extended SNP testing or
deep clade testing and has the same matching marker numbers. So the
haplotype becomes confirmed R1b1a2a1a1a4 for this group and shows as
green in the Y-DNA public results table.
So if you see any of those trees out there on the internet ask them if they
have DNA tested and if they are not R1b1a2a1a1a4 they are NOT of this
family and their ancestry trees are immediately suspect.
http://www.familytreedna.com/public/carter/default.aspx?section=yresults
There are several Carter lines who have good documentation and confirmation
of the lines... AND EVERYONE at least lists their Most Distant Ancestor in
the group :)
Thanks
Robert "Mike" Terry
Carter DNA Project Co-Administrator