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Hi Joe
I know that the Welsh are known for the mining industry - but in my family
tree I have NOT come across one miner................or coal worker.....mine
were either:
Pilots, mariners, farmers, ag labs, or in the latter half of the 1800's
working in the copperworks...............
Richards came from the Neath area to Kidwelly and they were not in the mining
industry either, they were in the tin works................
regards-Pauline
Hello List,
My g.grandfather David JONES was born in
Llangadog according to the 1881 census. His year
of birth is either 1839 or 1840.
In June my brother and I will be visiting the
area in the hope of establishing evidence of his
birth.
Can anyone suggest where is the best place to
initiate the search for records, and should we make
appointments at such places?.
We will probably be looking for bed and breakfast
accommodation. Is that likely to be available in the village?.
Thank you in advance,
David Thomas, Ontario, Canada
When we emmigrated in 1967 to California, via Canada though still British
subjects, we had 5 children at the time, 1 English daughter and 4 Canadian
sons.
We had to have a job that was top of the required skills that would allow
immigration,
a sponsor, who had to be responsible for our living arrangements untill we
moved to our own home, and a fair amount of cash.
Regards Sylvia
My Husband and i both filed for citizenship, went to classes. i did not
become a citizen through him but had to do it my-self.
In order for my children to become citizens, we had to apply for a U.S
passports for them, it required both our naturalization documents, birth and
marriage certificates, and this could only be done as long as they were not
18 at the time of our naturalization, the year 1977.
Sylvia
Dear Richard,
Yes a 'Slater' is a 'Roofer' and so sorry it gives no indication whatsoever
of where he might have originated from in Wales nor elsewhere as it was a
current job title throughout the UK.
Best wishes,
Mikey.
-----Original Message-----
From: Richard B. Jones <DICKJONES1(a)prodigy.net>
To: CARMARTHENSHIRE-L(a)rootsweb.com <CARMARTHENSHIRE-L(a)rootsweb.com>
Date: 30 March 2000 21:27
Subject: Occupations
When my ggrandfather emigrated he was listed on the ship's manifest as a
"slater", but no info was given as to his place of origin. I took that
to mean he worked in the slate mines, which would have narrowed down the
locale from whence he might have come. However, recently I saw a list of
Welsh occupations and a "slater" was described as a "roofer". If he had
been a roofer he could have come from anywhere in Wales. Anyone have any
insight as to what a "slater" really did? Also, I suppose it could have
been an error on the part of the manifest recorder.
Richard
When my ggrandfather emigrated he was listed on the ship's manifest as a
"slater", but no info was given as to his place of origin. I took that
to mean he worked in the slate mines, which would have narrowed down the
locale from whence he might have come. However, recently I saw a list of
Welsh occupations and a "slater" was described as a "roofer". If he had
been a roofer he could have come from anywhere in Wales. Anyone have any
insight as to what a "slater" really did? Also, I suppose it could have
been an error on the part of the manifest recorder.
Richard
Hi Jackie,
An annuitant is not an occupation. It is a person in reciept of 'Annual'
sums of money usually from an invested source on behalf of that person by
solicitor, usually the family solicitor or of the person that created it.
It could have been a form of gift from a relative or friend and it was
possible to benefit in that way at any age. A young lady from parents of
means was often given an annuity to be of independent means herself. It was
additionally given before marriage to attract a husband and also given as
part of a marriage contract. Not to be confused with a Dowery where by the
widow recieved a share in her husbands estate after death but only during
her lifetime.
To be an anuittant indicated she would have been of independent means and
not dependent on her husbands source of income dead or alive nor reliant
upon any other source for an income. If she was also the confectioner you
may assume that she was not only the confectioner but also the owner of the
business and possibly the shop/property too.
Therefore you can quite fairly judge that she was not employed by others.
Confectioner: Maker of sweetmeats and pastry usually for sale by having a
shop.
Best wishes,
Mikey
Pembs.
-----Original Message-----
From: GOJEGO(a)aol.com <GOJEGO(a)aol.com>
To: CARMARTHENSHIRE-L(a)rootsweb.com <CARMARTHENSHIRE-L(a)rootsweb.com>
Date: 30 March 2000 15:32
Subject: occupation question
Hello,
Could someone tell me what the occupation of an annuitant for a female age
72
years in 1881 census would be? What is the occupation of a confectioner?
Jackie in California
About the list of occupations, I thought it would be interesting, because South Wales' largest employers were in the field of mining, and my guess is that most of the emmigrants found work as skilled miners in mines in other parts of the world, to have an on-line quiz, with questions contributed by FHS participants, as to the meaning of things related to the mines to find out whether the terms we know are universal, brought from Wales, or home-grown.
For example here are some, 45 by my count off the top of my head, of the terms that I had heard (neither I nor my father worked in the mines) from people who did work in the local anthracite mines when I was growing up..Do they mean anything to you or are they local?
Tipple, Slope, shaft, squib, scraper line, dragline, lokey, scrip, company house, pillar, robbing pillars, fire boss, helper, coal and iron police, carbide, dog hole, slate pickers, dinner bucket (and the related "rushing the growler"), cap, scab, tin tub, sprag, mule, motor, mule barn, breaker, shaker chutes, rice, pea, chestnut, stove, # 9, tick, Sunday-go-ta-meetin', felt boots, blue scars, uke, lamp shanty, stoker, mine schedule, timbers, props, culm.
Some of them may be completely unknown even to miners where you live and many things were called by a different names. Terminology may differ only a few miles away, but lets find out. I'll post their meanings as I learned them at a later date (if I can remember what they mean).
Joe Gregory
N.E Penna. anthracite fields
Hi everyone,
I notice someone was asking what a puddler was in an earlier email. Please find this info below and hope it helps.
============================================================
Many people who have searched through the census returns of Wales, will see that their ancestors occupations were listed as 'Puddlers'. In 1784 Henry Cort patented the 'puddling process', in which the impurities and excess carbon in cast iron are removed to make wrought iron. In the puddling furnace, the pig iron is melted on a hearth by hot gasses obtained from a separate combustion chamber. Thus, the metal never comes in direct contact with the fuel, and cheap grades of coal containing phosphorus and other impurities can be used to heat the furnace. After the pig iron is melted, iron oxide is added to oxidize the impurities. A pasty 'puddle' of nearly pure iron then forms on the hearth. It is removed from the furnace, squeezed to remove excess slag, and hammered and rolled into finished shapes.
So rapid was the invention of 'puddling' adapted by the ironmasters of Merthyr Tydfil that it became known as the 'Welsh method'.
Arduos physical labour is required to operate a puddling furnace, and no mechanical device has succeeded in replacing the puddler and his helper.
============================================================
This information was based on various encyclopaedias I have been using in researching my family history.
Best wishes
Debbie
Visit our new updated website for JONES Family History, hear our ancestors talking, photographs,South Wales BorderersWWII and more of Merthyr Tydfil at Http://www.robbie64.freeserve.co.uk/
Joe Gregory
Thank you for your reply and good explanation.
The reason for the question is, my grandfather traveled to the U.S. alone at
13 years old in 1897 and was naturalized (can't find the year as of yet).
According to what have written me the earliest possible year he would be
eligible to file would be 1905 when he was 21.
It seems strange that a young child would be allowed to make the Atlantic
trip alone. But then I guess young children today are allowed to fly
anywhere alone , I guess there is no difference unless I am missing
something.
Do you know if a person entering the U.S. 1900's had to have a "sponsor"?
Thanks again,
Larry, Tucson
Mr. Chamberlain, (your name is also an occupation) My suspicion is that
until the 27th ammendment to the U.S. constitution was ratified on 30 June,
1971, which lowered the voting age to 18, people younger than that were
considered minors by the U.S. government and as such could not apply for
U.S.citizenship in their own right. Also, I believe that married women did
not, or could not, at least they did not file for citizenship but when their
husbands became citizens, they and all of their minor children automatically
became citizens. The reason I say that is that I have looked for the
applications of various relatives in the local courthouse and do not recall
seeing ANY female applicants. What happened in the case of a widow who
wished to become a citizen, I don't know.
Joe Gregory
Pennsylvania
----- Original Message -----
From: Larry Chamberlain <LDChamberlain00(a)email.msn.com>
To: <CARMARTHENSHIRE-L(a)rootsweb.com>
Sent: Thursday, March 30, 2000 10:13 AM
Subject: Immigration to U.S.
> Hi Listers,
> Does anyone on the list from the U.S. know what the minimum age a person
had
> to be to file
> first papers or "Declaration of intent" when applying for citizenship?
> In short did a person have to be 21 years old or could they files at an
> earlier age?
> This question keeps coming up in my research and I can't get an answer
from
> the INS or NARA.
> Does anyone know for sure? I would really appreciate putting this question
> to bed.
> Larry, Tucson
>
>
>
>
>
Hi Listers,
Does anyone on the list from the U.S. know what the minimum age a person had
to be to file
first papers or "Declaration of intent" when applying for citizenship?
In short did a person have to be 21 years old or could they files at an
earlier age?
This question keeps coming up in my research and I can't get an answer from
the INS or NARA.
Does anyone know for sure? I would really appreciate putting this question
to bed.
Larry, Tucson
The occupation list is fascinating
Does anyone have any idea what the "PUDDLER" did?
I understand it had to do with the iron mills and working with molten metal
What exactly did the "Puddler" do ?
Larry, Tucson
Morning Jackie,
If I remember correctly an annuitant is someone who recieves a pension
or the like ( an annuity ). Would not a confectioner have something to do
with being a Baker or the like ?..Sure is sunny up here today........Patty
in BC , Canada
-----Original Message-----
From: GOJEGO(a)aol.com [mailto:GOJEGO@aol.com]
Sent: Thursday, March 30, 2000 6:32 AM
To: CARMARTHENSHIRE-L(a)rootsweb.com
Subject: occupation question
Hello,
Could someone tell me what the occupation of an annuitant for a female age
72
years in 1881 census would be? What is the occupation of a confectioner?
Jackie in California
For Richard James.
Many thanks for your informative occupations List.
Re BEAMER: A slight correction for you.
The Beamer was the worker who wound the Warp threads or yarn on to 'Beams'
by rolling. These rolls in Mills were then held in store prior to
installation on a weaving loom and known as 'Warp Beams'.
Once it was installed the threads were drawn off the rolling warp beam as
the cloth was woven. The woven cloth rolled onto another beam which becoming
a roll of cloth or, on some looms it dropped into a pit and was then rolled
up! They were Rollers but in weaving always known as BEAMS. Hence
'BEAMER'.
Source: Personal ex Textile Industry.
This was a highly skilled job requiring great precision in positioning and
rolling at an even tension and he or she were probaly paid accordingly as; a
badly 'Warped' Beam produced poor quality cloth which had to be sold off as
seconds with the other Ends.
Have you come across or know what the occupation of a SPAD MOULDER was? I
have it as an offshoot of Blacksmith for a Spade Maker but have no
confirming source.
Best Wishes,
Mikey.
M. J. W. Chappell.
PEMBS.
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-----Original Message-----
From: CarmarthenFHS(a)aol.com <CarmarthenFHS(a)aol.com>
To: CARMARTHENSHIRE-L(a)rootsweb.com <CARMARTHENSHIRE-L(a)rootsweb.com>
Date: 30 March 2000 12:04
Subject: Occupations
A Few Occupations
#################
BARKEEPER One who kept guard at a tollbar, barrier or gate to prevent
passage
until the appropriate toll was paid.
BARGE-MATE Naval 19c. Officer who was in charge of a ship while a visit by
notabilities was taking place.
BARKER/BARKMAN Tanner of leather. Originally one who stripped trees of bark
for use in the process of tanning.
BARMASTER Authority to whom all disputes in lead mining industry were
referred. Also in charge of standard measure used in mining of ore.
BARREL-FILER Worker involved in gun nnaking.
BARROWMAN Coal pit worker, brought coal from the face to the foot of the
shaft.
BASKETMAN Rural craftsman who used plaited willow twigs to make various
receptacles as well as chairs, cradles, etc.
BAYWEAVER Weaver of bay, a fine light woollen fabric. Its manufacture was
introduced to England in 16c. by fugitives from France and Netherlands.
Often
corrupted to baize.
BEADLe A parish officer with duties
varying in each locality, such as assistant to the constable, town crier,
messenger.
BEAD(S)MAN 1. One who prayed for others, one paid to pray for the soul of
his
benefactor (from rosary beads), 2. Inhabitant of a bedchouse, an almshouse
or
hospital, 3. Tenant obligated to lord of the manor for a specific service or
bede. Hence bedemad (mowing service), 4 A beadle (q.v.)
BEAMER Textile worker who wound the warp on the roller prior to it being put
on the weaving loom.
BEARER Underground worker in coal mine who carried coal out to the pit
bottom, and lilted the containers sent up to the surface. Work usually done
by women and children before 1846.
BEAVER Feltmaker.
#####################
Regards
Richard James
Hi,
I am trying to find any family of Thomas John Rolfe and Caroline Rolfe (nee Cadle) who immigrated to Australia in 1912 with their 6 children on board the Irishman? I think that they lived in Swansea in Wales, any information would be much appreciated.
Regards......Glenys in oz
I have started to add some of the old photos and postcards I have to the
parish pages, to start with I have added some to Pembrey Parish & Llandeilo
Fawr Parish
to view goto: http://members.aol.com/cmnfhs1/
then goto the South & West Wales Magazine page and you will find the parish
information on the left hand side of this page.
got Pembrey, or Llandeilo.
I will be adding further old photos etc periodically, I will let you know
when I have uploaded any further Parishes.
Regards
Richard James
Carmarthenshire List Owner