Continued from part 1 of 2, The Family Line - Brick Wall:
The peace treaty signed in 1763 provided that no British settlements were allowed west of
the Appalachian Mountains. This land to the west was set aside as Indian hunting grounds.
This increased the migration south along the GP Wagon Road. After peace was declared,
settler migration expanded. In the fall and winter of 1765 more than a thousand wagons
passes through western NC. The proclamation of 1763, which prohibited westward settlement,
angered the colonists and established a beginning point which culminated in the
Revolutionary War with England.
To finance the war with France, England had gone into debt. Since the war was fought
mainly to protect the borders of the American colonies, the English government decided to
make the Americans pay for most of that debt. This, naturally, created great unrest in
America and prompted a movement for the Colonies to declare their independence from
England.
The colonists began to rebel against the English. Colonies began to recruit and organize
local militias. Settlers ignored the prohibition and crossed the Allegheny Mountains into
Tennessee and Kentucky.
There are no records or family lore that identified Andrew as either Loyalist or Patriot.
However, I tend to believe, since he left Scotland during times of English oppression and
later experienced continued oppression by the British, he later became affiliated with the
Patriot cause. He had struggled for some 30 years to establish himself in the Colonies and
begin a family. At the age of c45, he may have considered himself too old to "get
involved." We may never know. Even though Andrew descended from Highland Scots,
according to family lore, he was born and raised in Edinburgh, SCT. It is apparent that
his inherent character and strength as a Scot provided the endurance to overcome the
hardships of coming to America and survive in the early days of Colonial frontier life.
The Scottish Highlanders, because of their superior fighting ability, were highly
"courted" by the British. By giving them special privileges, they obtained
loyalty from many Highlanders. Therefore, the War became a fight not only with England,
but among themselves...brother against brother and neighbor against neighbor. Fear of
reprisal against the Highlanders was also an issue, if they sided with the King there was
danger of reprisal from the Patriots . If they took up the Patriot cause they might
experience the suffering of post-Culloden events, where they lost their land to the
English government, especially those that still had land in Scotland. And, an abundance of
good land was a major reason for many to immigrate to the Colonies.
The Patriot movement began in many places throughout the Colonies. They began to organize.
One of these was the Provincial Congress at Hillsboro, Orange County, NC, which first met
in August 1775. It became the chief policy-making body for the Patriots of the Colony. It
drafted and directed the plan of opposition to the crown and raised a Revolutionary Army.
From the mountains, foothill farms and frontier communities came the
wagons, food and clothing in support of the Patriot forces in their fight against the
British. The frontier forts and settlers did their share of fighting. In fact, many became
some of the bloodiest of battles against raids led by British forces.
The Colonies finally declared independence from England and ultimately beat the British
back into sea and to England.
Many of Andrew CADDEL's neighbors in Orange County, NC - the Leas, Greens, Hendersons,
McNeills, Andersons and other allied families, came from the counties of Spotsylvania,
Hanover, New Kent, Prince George, Charles City, James City, and Surry along the east coast
of VA . The Henderson, Green and Lea families in the area were numerous. The Green family
came from Charles City/James City/Surry Counties, VA. I believe that Jean Henderson, wife
of Andrew, is related to these Hendersons from VA.
In 1773, one resident of Orange County, NC and formerly of Hanover County, VA, Judge
Richard Henderson retired and formed the Transylvania Land Company. Henderson had traded
goods with the Cherokee Indians for lands in Kentucky. During the 1760s, he hired Daniel
Boone to lead a group of men to clear a road and build a fort for the settlers he was
recruiting to move from NC into Kentucky. Many of Andrew's neighbors went into the
area west of the Appalachian Mountains. However, Andrew CADDEL married, raised a family
and stayed in Orange/Caswell/Person Cos., NC until after 1800 when he moved south into
Pendleton District, SC.
Due to the constant warring with the Indians, the dangers of frontier life and
Andrew's plight, it is easily seen why he was over 30 years old before he married and
started a family.
Andrew's companion and contemporary, Major Lea was born in Spotsylvania County, VA.
Many of the Lea family came to Orange County, NC by 1755. Andrew and Major were first
located together where they surveyed land for John Lea, above noted. Major Lea had a
sister named Adelphia Lea (? - 1813) who married a Joseph Henderson (b. c1737, Hanover
Co., VA), the son of a John Henderson. Later Major's family moved to Tennessee. Joseph
Henderson probably was a brother or cousin to Andrew's wife, Jean Henderson.
Captain William Lea and his brother James Lea of County Line Creek were also in Orange
County, NC by 1755. Thomas and Ann McNeill were close neighbors and were formerly of St.
George's Parish, Spotsylvania County, VA.
On 17 Aug 1778, Andrew CADDEL was coexecutor with Edmund Lea and Carter Lee for the will
of John Lea, Caswell County, NC. Will Book A, page 166. The estate included land along
Richland and south Hico Creeks and adjacent to Andrew's land.
On 7 Jul 1788, Jean CADDEL (wife of Andrew CADDEL) witnessed a deed from William Lea to
son-in-law John McNeill, for a gift of a Negro girl and her child Clary. Deed of Gift Book
B, page 264, Caswell County, NC.
On 21 Oct 1789, John Green (brother to Burwell Green that married Phoeby CADDEL, daughter
of Andrew CADDEL) of Prince George County, VA purchased land from Henry McNeill of Flat
River, Book F, page 220 Caswell County, NC.
On 10 Nov 1789 the General Assembly for Caswell County, NC, appointed Major Lea a
Lieutenant in the State Militia, John Lea received an appointment in open court, William
Lea posted part of bond guarantee for sheriff and Andrew CADDEL was appointed as overseer
of a segment of roads in Caswell County.
Andrew CADDEL Family
Andrew lived in the community of Richland and south Hico Creeks on land which was
originally in Orange County (1752-1776), Caswell County (1777-1790) and Person County
(1791-1804) until he moved to South Cartolina.
In an 1888 letter, Andrew's grandson, "Old Uncle Lewis" - Lewis Green CADDEL
(1824 - 1905) stated that Andrew came across the ocean ...to Carolina at the age of 14
years. He was sold by the Captain of the ship to pay for his
passageway over to the New World. Andrew served his time of seven years for his new master
and then married ...a Henderson. Old Uncle Lewis told that Andrew raised three sons -
John, Andrew and Billy. Uncle John (John Calvin CADDEL) had a son Andrew (Andrew CADDEL
:b. 21 Oct 1795, who went to Texas in 1834). His (Lewis Green's) father was Andrew
Henderson CADDEL. Uncle Billy (William Riley CADDEL) had a son Andrew (Andrew Jackson
CADDEL :b. 5 Nov 1817) and there was another borned after uncle Billy died, name unknown.
Andrew (son of Billy) moved to Arkansas. And he did not know what became of him.
William Riley CADDEL was my ggg grandfather. And, his son Andrew (my gg grandfather) did
move to Columbia County, Arkansas in c1756, where he and his three oldest sons fought for
the Confederacy in the Civil War and died. My gg grandmother, Mary Burchfield CADDEL,
packed up her remaining minor children and moved to East Texas never to have contact again
with the Alabama family.
After viewing records in VA, NC, SC and AL and family histories, both written and oral, I
have pieced together what appears to be the original household composition and data:
Andrew CADDEL :b. c1730, Edinburgh, SCT :d. c1820s, St. Clair Co., AL
m. c1765, Orange Co., NC
Jean Henderson :b. c1845, VA :d. c1820s, St. Clair Co., AL
Children:
1. Infant :b. ca 1765, Orange Co., NC
2. Margaret "Dolly" :b. 23 Jun 1766, Orange Co., NC
3. Phoeby :b. ca 1768, Orange Co., NC
4. Elizabeth :b. ca 1770, Orange Co., NC
5. male :b. ca 1772, Orange Co., NC
6. John Calvin :b. ca 1775, Orange Co., NC
7. Andrew Henderson :b. ca 1777, Caswell Co., NC
8. Infant :b. ca 1780, Caswell Co., NC
9. Martha :b. 6 Apr 1783, Caswell Co., NC
10. Jane :b. ca 1785, Caswell Co., NC
11. Unisa :b. ca 1787, Caswell Co., NC
12. William Riley :b. ca 1789, Caswell Co., NC
13. Benjamin * :b. ca 1792, Person Co., NC
Notes:
Margaret..........m. James Anderson 9 Jul 1782, Caswell Co., NC
Phoeby............m. Burwell Green 4 July 1789, Caswell Co., NC
Elizabeth........1m. Lewis Green 26 Dec 1789, Caswell Co., NC
2m. Elijah Watson 18 Aug 1797, Person Co., NC
John Calvin.......m. Mary Jay 29 Nov 1794, Person Co., NC
Andrew Henderson..m. Susan (Tidmore) Green c1800, Person Co., NC
Martha............m. Henry Johns 4 Dec 1798, Person Co., NC
Jane..............m. John Hale c1805, Pendleton Dist., SC
Unisa.............m. (unknown)
William Riley.....m. Jane Green c1815, Pendleton Dist., SC
Benjamin..........m. Delilia c1815, Pendleton Dist., SC